Masterplan


PURPOSE OF THE MASTER PLAN

Master plans comprises long term planning for development and expansion of drainage and sewerage services, generally for a horizon of 20 years including a comprehensive planning for a service area as per likely spread of city in next 20 years. The master plan will describe all works required in next 20 years in phased manner and will include preliminary designs and cost estimates as well as priority measures to be included in a phase I of the implementation of the master plan.

PURPOSE AND OUTPUTS FROM THE MASTER PLAN

The Master Plans for Drainage and Sewerage provides a comprehensive planning for service area as per likely spread of city in next 20 years. It will identify and describes all works required in next 20 years in phased manner. The plan will include preliminary designs and estimates and a prioritization of proposed works. Based on the master plan a detailed project report (DPR) can prepared for priority works identified in the Master Plan. The Master Plan preparation would require the existence of a long term urban development plan or in absence of such a plan the outline for urban development should be established and agreed upon before a drainage/sewerage masterplan can be prepared. Master plan for Drainage and Sewerage will comprise:

Dynamic online platform for planning and management of urban services

Setting up an online platform for the planning and management of urban services. The platform with be developed as a web-based system with open source software and a centralized database. It will include web interface for data query and editing which can be further developed as a Management Information System. The system will also include tools for hydraulic modeling and system design and will have a selection of map overlays. Contrary to the conventional static hard copy plans the system will be a dynamic tool that can be used for updating and expansion of the masterplan, detailed design of priority works, general asset management, management of maintenance operations, and could include a public portal for customers to report on problems in the respective services.

Preparation of Base Maps

Updating the Town Base Map through the preparation of drone imagery of the urban areas and RTK GPS leveling of the urban and peri urban areas. For the preparation of the base maps use will be made of the geospatial products delivered as part of the European Space Agency (ESA) funded EO4SD Urban project for Kampong Chhnang and Pursat in collaboration with ADB. This geospatial information will be updated and further refined based on the results of the drone imagery processing the Digital Surface Model (DSM) created from the drone imagery and complementary field survey data.

Georeferenced Inventory of Urban Services Infrastructure

Geo-referenced data collection and mapping of existing storm drain, sewerage and combined systems as well as the existing drinking water supply system and the areas that rely on low cost/individual sanitation solutions.

Climate

Analyzing rainfall data collected over a period (as available at least 10 years), including development of intensity duration frequency (IDF) curves for different storm frequency periods.

Bench Mark Performance Evaluation

Undertaking a Bench Mark Performance Evaluation which will involve the preparation of a list of Standardized Service Level Benchmarks (SSLB) as to reflect multiple facets of service delivery performance. Detailed georeferenced data collection will be done for drinking water supply, waste water collection and disposal, low cost/individual sanitation solutions, and rain/storm water drainage collection and disposal.

Determination of the service area

Which would be the likely urbanisable area in planning horizon year. If an urban development plan for the towns available, then it will be reviewed and suitably city boundary in next 10 years can be adopted. If the urban development plan is not available, then likely spread area will be determined after taking necessary inputs of relevant agencies.

Prioritized phased improvement and expansion program of the urban services

Based on the mapping and benchmarking of the existing urban services infrastructure and the determination of the likely service area, the deficiencies in areas of hydraulic and structural as well as in the coverage and quality of services will be identified together with options for upgrading and expansion of urban service infrastructure in the present and future service area and a prioritized phased improvement and expansion program over a 20-year term with capital cost estimates. This will also include the improvement of low cost sanitation at household level in areas than cannot be serviced by the planned urban services infrastructure.

Improvement of O&M

Recommending appropriate O & M practices including the evaluation of deficiencies in the existing maintenance programs for urban infrastructure including recommendations for improvement of O&M practices to meet future requirements.

Institutional and Legal Framework

The plan will identify the various organizations, departments, agencies who will be responsible for further planning and project preparation, approval, sanction, funding, implementation and operation and maintenance of the Master Plan and also identify their role and the strength of personnel needed to implement and later operate and maintain the infrastructure created under the Master Plan, including special problems likely to be encountered during operation and maintenance, in respect of availability of skilled and technical staff, funds, transport, chemicals, communication, power, spare parts etc.

Environmental safeguards

Improvement and expansion of urban services infrastructure like water supply, sewerage and sanitation will undoubtedly contribute to the improvement of environmental quality as well as health and economic wellbeing of the people. However, infrastructure facilities that are not well conceived/planned/constructed or operated, and which are also not socially acceptable or environmentally benign may lead to potential adverse impacts which may outweigh the benefits. Therefore, it is important that these adverse impacts are identified at the master plan stage and that mitigation measures are suitably integrated into all the stages from concept to construction and operation.

Social Safeguards

Resettlement and land requirements might arise for development of various infrastructure facilities. Acquisition of private land will have adverse impacts on affected persons (loss of livelihood, shelter incomes etc). Resettlement and land acquisition processes are time-consuming may often lead to delays in project implementation. Following issues will be considered in planning for the infrastructure projects: use of government land and avoid private land acquisition as far as possible, Avoid/minimize land acquisition, and other involuntary resettlement impacts by exploring all viable alternative project designs, not affect land belonging to vulnerable households and preference for negotiated land acquisition.

Assessment of the Financial Performance

An access of the financial status of the urban services including revenues, liabilities, costs and financial efficiency will be made. The focus of the financial assessment will be to accurately portray the current financial position and identify areas for improvement that when implemented will generate cash internally, improve the financial position and subsequently attract external finance. An accurate financial model will be constructed to show that the service providers could afford both to finance the operations and maintenance costs of the proposed improvements or expansion of services.